Nothing in biology makes sense except in the light of evolution.
(Theodosius Dobzhansky)
Home Page  //Dictionary of Pronunciation // Medical Dictionary

Physiology Unit One (C1-C11)
Unit One Lecture Learning Objectives

Chapter 1
Major Themes of Anatomy and Physiology
     
    Lecture Slides / Preview Slides Before Class
   
*
 Major Themes in Anatomy and Physiology
       
    Chapter Study Guide /Complete Before Class (Bring Unanswered Questions to Lecture)
    *
     
   
Two Bonus Points // Memorize This - Quizzed anytime after second week! (Three chances for points)
     

Homeostasis is the ability of a system to resist change. In the human body, our organs function to resist change in the internal environment. This is the interstitial fluid around our cells.

The interstitial fluid is in a state of dynamic equilibrium. Some organs bring nutrients to the interstitial fluid and the nutrients are transported into the cell's cytoplasm. The cells metabolize the nutrients for growth, repair, or to make new cells.

Cells secrete metabolic waste into the interstitial fluid and organs excrete the waste products from our bodies. Negative and positive feedback mechanisms regulate organs to make homeostasis possible. Disease or death occurs when homeostasis fails.
       
    Required Assignments / Preview Before Lecture
   
*
 Positive vs Negative Feedback /// Negative Feedback's Role in Homeostasis
   
*
 Homeostasis
  > * Homeostasis
    * Homeostasis
  > * What is a reflex arc?
  > * Metric System Basics (w answer key) //// Temperature Conversion Worksheet
       
  > * Why do some students find science hard? Dr. Richard Feymen
       
    Chapter Audio Review / Highly Recommended
   
*
       
    Vocabulary
    * Word List
       
    The following content is NOT REQUIRED, however. It does correlate to C1's learning objectives. The information is included only for the curious!
     
    * The best way to learn anything. by Dr. Richard Feynman PhD, theoretical physics and Noble Prize Winner
       
  > * Evolution: This film explores what human hands, vision, and brains reveal about our evolution from ancient primate ancestors. Our primate progenitors had bodies a lot like those of modern monkeys and spent tens of millions of years living in trees. From them we inherited our versatile hands, amazing vision, and capable brains—but also some less beneficial traits, including our bad backs and terrible sense of smell. (60 min // HHMI)
       
    * How Many Cells Are in the Human Body
   
*
 Introduction to Cell and Virus Structure - Size Matters
       
    * Homeostasis
       
    * The Origins of Tetrapods // Tetrapods Evolved From Fish!
    * Origins of Biomedical Science
    * Evolution In Need of an Update
    * Evolution, Natural Selection, and Adaptation
    * The Timeline of Life (Taken From Wiki)
    * Tarsier: Small Primate Unchanged in 45 Million Years
    * Tarsier II
       
  > * The History of Evolution from a Cell to Humans
    * The Human Family Tree
    *
Understanding Evolution: This site was created by the University of California Museum of Paleontology with support provided by the National Science Foundation (grant no. 0096613) and the Howard Hughes Medical Institute (grant no. 51003439).
 
   
*
The Tree of Life Project (Reference Web Site) /// This is a must visit Web Site!!!
    * The Ascent of Man (Video)
       
      Where Do Ideas Come From -- Dr. Aoife McLysaght PhD // Ted Talk 15 min
     
  > * Dr. Richard Feynman, Phd was a theoretical physics. In this video, he talks about "taking the world from another point of view". Even before he completed his graduate studies, Dr. Feynman was asked to be part of the team at Los Alamos that developed the atomic bomb. He later won the Nobel Prize for his original work in physics. Feynman is celebrated as one of our most brilliant and original thinkers in theoretical physics. Dr. Feynman gave future generations of scientist a new way to think about the unknowable. // "Richard Feynman, the genius that he was, had the singular ability to realize that perspectives and points of view give us a window into all of the alternate possibilities that may exist. This is the definition of genius." (video 40 min)
       
    * More Articles of Interest / Archival
       
Chapter 2
Chemistry of Life
     
   

Chemistry is essential knowledge if you need to learn human physiology. You may memorize the names and functions of the different organs but you will not know human physiology without understanding atoms, molecules, macromolecules and the other basic knowledge like diffusion, osmosis, and filtration. Humans existence depends on chemistry. For example, look a at hydrogen atom: one proton and one electron. Simple enough? However, if a hydrogen ions is only slightly out of balance, then you die. Why?

Because of our schedule, we do not have time to cover all the important topics about chemistry in our lecture. So, if you don't already have a good foundation in chemistry, then you will need to acquire this knowledge using the resources provided on the Web site. If you preview the lecture slides, know the study guide questions, and watch the chemistry videos then your chemistry knowledge will be good enough for this class.

Please review the power point slide presentations before we cover this topic in lecture. You will find the answers to all the study guide questions on the power-point slides.

It is best if you answer the study guide questions then review your answers with classmates as a "team assignment". You may want to use the study guide questions to quiz each other to initiate discussions. The C2 Chemistry Chapter is 20% of your unit score. Bring your questions to class!
     
    Lecture Slides / Preview Slides Before Class
   
*
   
*
       
    Chapter Study Guide /Complete Before Class (Bring Your Questions to Lecture).
    * C2 - Learning Objectives
       
    Chapter Audio Review / Highly Recommended
    * Chemical Basis of Life
     
    Required Assignments (>)
       
    * How Much of an Atom Is Empty Space ?
       
  > * Time-line of Atomic Models: Dalton's Model, Thompson's Model, Rutherford's Model, Bohr's Model, Quantum Model (Best of Group // Very Important to Watch)
    * Atom Structure: Protons, Electrons, and Neutrons
  > * Borh's Model of the Atom
    * Understanding Atom and Their Electrons? (Skip this / Goes beyond what we need to know)
       
   
*
 Periodic Table
    * Mendeleev's Periodic Table 1872
  >   How the Periodic Table Works
   
*
    * The Structure of an Atom Meets the Periodic Table (Part 2)
   
*
 Interactive Periodic Table of Elements (Los Alamos National Laboratory)
       
  >
**
   
*
    ** How Oxygen, Nitrogen, and Carbon Make Covalent Bonds
  > ** Oxidation-Reduction Reaction
       
  >
*
 Hydrogen Bonding (1)
   
*
 Hydrogen Bonding (2)
       
  > * What is the difference between an acid, bse, and a salt?
    * What is an isomer?
    * What is a free radical and antioxidants?
    * What is the difference between hydrophobic and hydrophilic?
    * What is the difference between these mixtures: solution, colloid, and suspension?
    * What is a buffer?
  > * What is the bicarbonate buffering system? Why is it important?
    * Metabolism: catabolic vs anabolic.
    * Carbohydrates
    * Lipids
    * Proteins
    * Nucleotides and nucleic acids
       
  >
*
 Biochemical Pathways
  >
*
 Enzyme Action
   
*
 Enzymes
   
*
       
   
*
       
    Vocabulary
    * Word List
       
    The following content is NOT REQUIRED, however. It does correlate to C2's learning objectives. The information is included only for the curious!
       
    * Fun to Imagine (Why some find science hard.) with Dr. Richard Feynman
       
    * Nanotechnology: The High Tech Revolution - with Dave Blank (Very Special!)
       
    * Where did the Universe come from? Geraint Lewis / RI Lecture
       
    * The Origin of Elements
    * The Periodic Table (Wiki)
   
*
 Mendeleev: The Father of the Periodic Table
       
   
*
 Michael Faraday - In the 1800's Faraday was the greatest experimental physicist. Faraday discovered electromagnetic fields,electromagnetic induction, refrigeration, benzene, and other important discoveries. Farada's work led to the electric motor and air conditioning which we use today! Furthermore, Faraday was the first scientist to think and recognize "fields". This idea is currently on the cutting edge of theoretical physic study today. It is said that Albert Einstein had only two photographs in this study. One photo was Michael Faraday.
> > * How did Michael Faraday invent? Royal Institue with David Ricketts
   
*
 Michael Faraday: The Art of Genius
    * Demonstration of a Faraday Motor
       
    * What are the four forces of the universe? - These forces formed as a result of the "big bang". These same forces also resulted in atoms, chemistry and life itself. (Illustration Only ////// Video -> The Four Natural Forces: Gravity, Weak Nuclear Force, Electromagnetic, and Strong Nuclear Force. (Kahn Academy).
       
   
*
 What Does An Atom Really Look Like?
    * What is a Cathode Ray Tube?
    * J.J. Thompson's Cathode Ray Tube Experiment (The Discovery of the Electron) /// Thompson's Model of the Atom
    * Rutherford's Gold Foil Experiment - Rutherord's Atomic Model
    * Milliken's Oil Drop Experiment (How the Charge of an Electron Was Determined)
   
*
 An Explaination of Neutrinos
   
*
      The Physics of Life: How Water Folds Proteins / by Dr. Sylvia McLain (Royal Institute)
       
  > *
All About Chemistry: Annenberg Learner's mission is to "Advance Excellent Teaching in American Schools." Join with experts to observe chemistry in action and learn the laws and principles of this dynamic field. Computer technology and special effects place students in a front-row seat to observe many processes, even those that are too dangerous or impractical to experience directly. There are 26 videos in this series.
  
    * Physics for the 21st Century: Explore the frontiers of physics research with the scientists on the front lines in this 11-unit course in modern phsics for high school physics teachers, undergraduate students, and science enthusiasts.
       
> > ** The Character of Physical Law - The Law of Gravitation by Dr. Richard Feynman PhD
       
      Beta decay and positron decay explains how an atom with too many neutrons or too many protons may change their nucleus to become a more stable atom. So it is possible for carbon(C6) to "transmute" into boron (B5) or nitrogen (N7). This was the dream of the alchemist, however. It is not possible to turn carbon into gold!
    * Beta Decay
    * Positron Decay
    * Alpha Decay
    * What are alpha, beta, and gamma decay? (14 min video)
    * Electron Capture (Occurs when ath atom has to many protons)
       
    * E = MC2
    * A Brief History of Quantum Mechanics // Sean Carroll
  > * An Introduction to Quantum Biology by Philip Ball (Royal Institute // (One of the Best Lectures on Topic))
  > * An Introduction to the Standard Model (graphic with text)
    *
The Standard Model: The standard model is the name given in the 1970s to a theory of fundamental particles and how they interact. It incorporated all that was known about subatomic particles at the time and predicted the existence of additional particles as well. When this video was made, a yet found but predicted sub-atomic particle called the Higgs was still not discovered. The Higgs particle was discovered 50 years after it was predicted in 2012!.
  
    * The Standard Model (Fermilab scientist Don Lincoln describes the Standard Model of particle physics)
    * How the Higg's Particle Completed the Standard Model by Harry Cliff at Ri,
    * CERN: Standard Model of Particle Physics.
    * Quantum Fields: Fields Are the Real Building Blocks of the Universe - with David Tong (60 min.)
    * Standard Model Outlined
    * TED Talk: Quantum Physics For Seven Year Olds by Dominic Walliman. /// or How to Teach and Learn Science!
    * String Theory Explained
    * Quantum Biology and the Hidden Nature of Nature (1:35)
      Quantum Biology: An Introduction to the Far Edge of Biology!.
    * Everything and Nothing: What is nothing? by Jim Al Khalili
    * What is fire? (Explained using chemistry and physics)
       
  >>
*
 The Year of Albert Einstein --- In 1905, Einstein was 26 years old. He received his PhD in physics but could not find a job as a professor. He was frustrated and needed work. So Einstein accepted a position as a patent clerk and in his spare time between March and June, he wrote five scientific papers that changed the world forever! One of these papers help to launch a new branch of science called quatum mechanics that made things like modern computers, cell phones, and GPS possible. He changed our understanding of the universe and how we live today
    * Albert Einstein's special relativity /// image 2 /// image 3 /// image 4 /// image 5 /// time dialation /// length contraction
    * Albert Einstein's general relativity /// Spacetime image 1 /// Spacetime image 2 /// Spacetime image 3 /// Spacetime image 4
    * Simple Idea Behind Einstein's Greatest Discovery
       
   
*
 Octet Rule
    * Alpha Particles
   
*
 Beta Particles
   
*
 Gamma Particles
    * Electron Capture
   
*
 Positrons
   
*
 Electromagnetic Effect
    * Photoelectric Effect
    * Nuclear Fission
    * Quantum Mechanic Model of the Atom (How it differs from Bohr's Model)
    * Quantum Numbers, Atomic Orbitals, and Electron Configuration
       
    * How to Make Soap
       
    * More Articles of Interest / Archival
       
    * Origins of the Universe 101 / National Geographic (5 min)
       
    *
Mystery of Matter - Out of Thin Air / One of science’s great odd couples—British minister Joseph Priestley and French tax administrator Antoine Lavoisier—together discover a fantastic new gas called oxygen, overturning the reigning theory of chemistry and triggering a worldwide search for new elements. Soon caught up in the hunt is science’s // video / 54 min
  
       
    *
Mystery of Matter - Unruly Elements /Over a single weekend in 1869, a young Russian chemistry professor named Dmitri Mendeleev invents the Periodic Table, bringing order to the growing gaggle of elements. But this sense of order is shattered when a Polish graduate student named Marie Sklodowska Curie discovers radioactivity. //video / 53 min
  
       
    *
Mystery of Matter - Into the Atom/ Caught up in the race to discover the atom’s internal parts—and learn how they fit together—is a young British physicist named Harry Moseley, who uses newly discovered X-rays to put the Periodic Table in a whole new light. And a young American chemist named Glenn Seaborg creates a new element. // video / 55 min
  
       
Chapter 3
Cellular Form and Function
     
    Lecture Slides / Preview Slides Before Class
   
*
       
    Chapter Study Guide /Complete Before Class (Bring Your Questions to Lecture)
    * Cell Structure and Physiology
       
    Chapter Audio Review / Highly Recommended
    * Anatomy of a Cell
       
    Homework Assignments (>>)
   
*
  >>
*
 Diffusion, Facilitated Diffusion & Active Transport: Movement Across the Cell Membrane
   
*
  >>
*
       
   
*
 Cell Theory
  >>
*
 A Tour of a Cell (14 min)
   
**
 Cell Animation / Harvard University Animation (Full Version - 8 min / narrated)
       
   
*
  >>
*
   
*
  >>
*
  >>
*
  >>
*
  >>
*
   
 
  >>
*
   
*
    *** WBC Phagocytosis of Bacteria
       
  >>
*
  >>
*
    * Kreb Cycle (Royal Institue Lecture) - What is the origin of life? Find out here!
  >>
*
  >>   How Mitochondria Make ATP
  >>
*
       
   
*
 Finding Cancer: Biomarkers
     
    Vocabulary
    * Word List
       
    The following content is NOT REQUIRED, however. It does correlate to C3's learning objectives. The information is included only for the curious!
       
   
*
   
*
       
   
*
   
*
    ** Cell Animation / Harvard University Animation ( Short Version - 3 min / not narrated)
    * Motor Proteins (HHMI)
   
*
 Electron Transport Chain (Indtro) - BioVisions Video - Harvard University
   
*
 Electron Transport Chain (More Details) // BioVisions Video - Harvard University
       
   
*
 Origin of Cellular Life on Earth // Dr. Jack Szostak (Harvard / HHMI) Part 1
   
*
 Protocell Membranes // Dr. Jack Szostak (Harvard / HHMI) Part 2
       
    * Quantum Biology: How Physics Can Revolutionise Biology
       
    * The Nano-particles in Biology and Synthetic Biology with Sonia Contera (RI Video)
    * Brownian Motion: The Force Able That Moves Nano-Strings
       
   
*
 Tensegrity: Forces That Form and Shape the Cytoskeleton - Buckminister Fuller
       
   
*
 The Clock Within Our Cells - Illustration Part A // Illustration Part B // Reference Artcle
       
  Chapter 4
Genetics and Protein Synthesis
     
    Lecture Slides / Preview Slides Before Class
    * DNA Replication and the Cell Cycle
    * Protein Synthesis
       
    Chapter Study Guide /Complete Before Class
    * Genetics, Cell Division and Protein Synthesis
       
    Chapter Audio Review / Highly Recommended
   
*
    *
       
    Homework Assignments (total 45 min)
  >>
*
    * Cell Cycle (Advanced Review)
   
*
 Controlling the Cell Cycle
       
   
*
 How Mitosis Works
   
*
 How Meiosis Works
  >>
*
       
  >>
*
 Modern Genetics
   
*
 Structural Basis of DNA
  >>
*
   
*
  >>
*
       
  >> * Introduction to Genes by Professor Aoide McLysaght
   
*
 Copy Number Variation and the Secret of Life // Aoife McLysaght (Royal Institute)
  >>
*
 What Separates Humans from Chips? by Aeife McLysaght
   
*
 Ideas, Where Do They Come From by Aoife McLyssght (15 min)
       
  >>
*
  >>
*
  >>
*
       
  >>
*
    * Protein Synthesis Animated
       
   
*
 What is a telomere? Significance? How do telomeres regulate cell death?
   
*
 Telomere and telomerase (2 min video animation)
   
*
 Telomere and telomerase (6 min video w more detailed presentation)
       
  >> *
CRISPR: (Video) New Knowledge Advances Biology / Geneticist Jennifer Doudna co-invented a groundbreaking new technology for editing genes, called CRISPR-Cas9. The tool allows scientists to make precise edits to DNA strands, which could lead to treatments for genetic diseases … but could also be used to create so-called "designer babies." Doudna reviews how CRISPR-Cas9 works — and asks the scientific community to pause and discuss the ethics of this new tool.
 
       
  >>
*
 "Out of the Lab, and Into Society" talk by Aeife McLysaght at the Electric Picnic 2014
       
    Vocabulary
    * Word List C4
       
    The following content is NOT REQUIRED, however. It does correlate to C4's learning objectives. The information is included only for the curious!
   
*
   
*
    * Genetic Mutations and Diseases
       
    * Epigenetics Illustration SA
   
*
       
    * Living Circuits - Using Microbes to Cure Diseases in Humans
    * RNA in the Proto-Life Soup
       
    * How to Build a Dinosaur (15 min)
       
    * Chimps, Bonobo, and Humans Are Linked by 98.7% of Our Common Genes
   
*
   
*
   
*
    * DNA's "Digital" Storage Capacity (2)
    * Down Syndrome / Trisomy 21
    * Twist of Fate / How Cytoskeleton and Matrix Interact to Regulates Cell Division
    * Living Curcuits Inside Bacteria May Cure Diseases in Humans
    * Living Curcuits: Making Cellular Applications with DNA
     
    *
CRISPR: (Video) New Knowledge Advances Biology / Geneticist Jennifer Doudna co-invented a groundbreaking new technology for editing genes, called CRISPR-Cas9. The tool allows scientists to make precise edits to DNA strands, which could lead to treatments for genetic diseases … but could also be used to create so-called "designer babies." Doudna reviews how CRISPR-Cas9 works — and asks the scientific community to pause and discuss the ethics of this new tool.
 
    * CRISPR-Cas9: Recent Update on Technology
    *
CRISPR-cas9: (Video) Example of an advancement in basic science leading to new therapies in medicine. This technology will lead directly to cures for many genetic diseases.
  
    *
CRISPR: (Video) Genome Editing with CRISPR-Cas9: McGovern Institute for Brain Research at MIT
  
    * CRISPR-cas9: (Article) The Gene Genie
    * CRISPR-cas9: (Article) Wiki Review
       
    * Genetic Mutations and Disease (Poster)
       
    * Molecular Genetics I/ Dr. Robert Sapolsky
    * Molecular Genetics II / Dr. Robert Sapolsky
       
    * More Articles of Interest / Archival
       

Please Note
We will now "skip" to Skeletal Muscle (Chapter 11).
After C11 we will resume lectures starting with C5 Histology.

       
Chapter 5
Histology
     
    Lecture Slides / Preview Slides Before Class
   
*
   
*
   
*
 Tissue Growth and Change
   
*
 Tissue Repair and Wound Healing
       
    Chapter Study Guide /Complete Before Class (Bring Your Questions to Lecture).
    * C5: Learning Outcomes
       
    Chapter Audio Review / Highly Recommended
   
*
 Tissues
       
    Homework Assignments / Highly Recommended
   
*
 Tissue Type (Video 1).
   
*
 Tissue Types (Video 2)

   
*
 Intracellular Junctions
   
*
 Wound Healing
       
    Vocabulary
    * Word List
       
    The following content is NOT REQUIRED, however. It does correlate to C5's learning objectives. The information is included only for the curious!
    * Images - Slide Show: Various Tissues MRI False Color
   
*
 First Hints That Stem Cell Therapy Can Help Patients Get Better
   
*
 Burns
   
*
 Skin Cancer
   
*
 Skin Color
   
*
 Hair and Nails
    * More Articles of Interest / Archival
       
Chapter 6
The Integument System
     
    Lecture Slides / Preview Slides Before Class.
   
*
 The Integument System (Skin)
       
    Chapter Study Guide /Complete Before Class (Bring Your Questions to Lecture)
    * C6 - Learning Outcomes
       
    Chapter Audio Review / Highly Recommended
    * Skin and Its Appendages
       
    Homework Assignments / Highly Recommended
   
*
 Introduction to the Integumentary System (Video)
   
*
 National Geographic: Skin (Video)
  >
*
 Burns: First, Second, and Third
   
*
 Skin Cancers
       
    Vocabulary
    * Word List
       
    The following content is NOT REQUIRED, however. It does correlate to C6's learning objectives. The information is included only for the curious!
    ** How We Get Skin Color (3 min video // HHMI)
   
*
 Sick People Smell Bad
   
*
   
*
    * Burns
   
*
 Skin Cancers
   
*
 Nails and Hair
   
*
 Skin Color
   
*
 Pathophysiology: Skin Disorders
   
*
 Images Only / Integument
    * More Articles of Interest / Archival
Chapter 7
Bone Tissue
     
    Lecture Slides / Preview Slides Before Class
    * Bone Tissue // Bone Development // Bone Fracture and Repair // Osteoporosis
    * Introduction to the Skeletal System (Lab Content - Review In Lecture)
       
    Chapter Study Guide /Complete Before Class (Bring Your Questions to Lecture)
    * C7: Learning Outcomes
       
    Chapter Audio Review / Highly Recommended
    * Skeletal Tissue
       
    Homework Assignments / Highly Recommended
    *
  >
*
Bone Formation: Endochondral vs Intramembranous - (Video)
   
*
Osteoporosis - Video
       
    Vocabulary
    * Word List
       
    The following content is NOT REQUIRED, however. It does correlate to C7's learning objectives. The information is included only for the curious!
       
    * Haemophilia: Joint Effort
    * Pathophysiology: Musculoskeletal Disorders
    * Bone Tissue / Only Images
    * Titanosaur Fossils: Image 1 - Image 2 - Image 3
    * More Articles of Interest / Archival
       

 

Important Notice

The Science Department has removed C8, C9, and C10 as comprehesive lecture topics. However,
some of the most essential information from C8, C9, and C10 will be discussed in class.
A special powerpoint presentation and an amended (shorter) Study Guide
for the three chapters is posted below.

Power Point Covering Essential Info for C8, C9, and C10

Study Guide for the Essential Info for C8, C9, and C10

 

Chapter 8
 The Skeletal System
     
    Lecture Slides / Preview Slides Before Class
     

The structure of the skeletal system is covered in lab. Your textbook covers the skeletal sysem in C7 and C8. Some of these PowePoint presentations are posted for reference material. However, some of the information in in the first PwPt, Introduction to the Skeletal System has content that will also be covered on the lecture exam and required as part of our Lecture Objectives (see Study Guide below).

  
   
*
 Introduction to the Skeletal System
   
*
   
*
   
*
   
*
   
*
   
*
     
    Chapter Study Guide /Complete Before Class (Bring Your Questions to Lecture)
    *  
       
    Chapter Audio Review / Highly Recommended
    * Skeletal System
       
    Vocabulary
    * Word List
       
    The following content is NOT REQUIRED, however. It does correlate to C8's learning objectives. The information is included only for the curious!
       
    *
Neandertal Teeth - What can teeth can tell us about our cousins?
    *
  > *
  > * Is this a smart way for women to walk?
    * More Articles of Interest / Archival
    * Axial Skeleton / Only Images
    * Appendicular Skeleton / Only Images
    * Pectoral Girdle
    * Pelvic Girdle
    * Images Only of Appendicular Skeleton System
    * Scapula Provides New Insight About Homanid Evolution
    * More Articles of Interest / Archival
       
Chapter 9
Joints
     
    Lecture Slides / Preview Slides Before Class
    * Introduction and Classification of Joints
       
    Chapter Study Guide /Complete Before Class (Bring Your Questions to Lecture)
    *  
       
    Chapter Audio Review / Highly Recommended
    * Articulations
    * Skeletal Joints
       
    Vocabulary
    * Word List
     
    The following content is NOT REQUIRED, however. It does correlate to C9'slearning objectives. The information is included only for the curious!
       
    * More About Joints
    * See Articles of Interest / Archival
       
Chapter 10
The Muscle System
    Lecture Slides / Correlate to Learning Objectives
    * Introduction to the Muscle System
       
    Chapter Study Guide /Complete Before Class (Bring Your Questions to Lecture)
    *  
       
    Vocabulary
    * Word List
       
    The following content is NOT REQUIRED, however. It does correlate to C10's learning objectives. The information is included only for the curious!
    * Skeletal Muscle Images
    * Botulinum Toxin (Botox)
    * More Articles of Interest / Archival
    * Pathophysiology: Musculoskeletal Disorders
       
Chapter 11
Muscle Tissue
     
    Lecture Slides / Preview Slides Before Class
    * Muscular Tissue
   
*
 Nerve Muscle Relationship, Contraction Cycle, and Motor Units
   
*
 Length Tension Relationships / Muscle Behavior / Fiber Classes
   
*
 Muscle Energy / Metabolism / Fatigue
   
*
 Smooth Muscle and Cardiac Muscle
   
 
    Chapter Study Guide /Complete Before Class (Bring Your Questions to Lecture)
    * C11: Learning Outcomes
   
    Chapter Audio Review / Highly Recommended
    * Physiology of the Muscle System
   
*
 Anatomy of the Muscle System
     
    Homework Assignments (55 minutes)
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  >> * Myosin Heads Interacting with Actin (40 sec)
  >> * Myosin Heads and Actin Filament (2.25 min)
  >> * Sliding Filament Theory V3 (7 min)
  >> * Stretch Reflex (detailed explanation) (34 min)
       
    Vocabulary
    * Word List
       
    The following content is NOT REQUIRED, however. It does correlate to C11's learning objectives. The information is included only for the curious!
       
    * Sliding Filament Theory / Test Your Knowledge About the Skeletal Muscle's Structure & Function
    * Electrophysiology: Demonstrating Upper and Lower Motor Neuron Function (Plus Control Tansfer)
  > * Atomic Force Microscope - Myosin Motor Movement
    * Evolved to Exercise (SA) - Unlike our ape cousins, humans require high levels of physical activity to be healthy.
    * What Does Running Do To the Brain?
    * Muscles -- Anatomy Revealed Slide Presentation
    * Muscle Pathology
    * See Articles of Interest / Archival
 
Lecture: Unit 1 - Unit 2 - Unit 3 - Unit 4 ////////////Lab: Unit 1 - Unit 2 - Unit 3 - Unit 4